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What are the methods for selecting refractory bricks?
Published Time:
2024/06/11 13:55
Refractory bricks are divided into heavy and light types. Light types are further divided by specific gravity and material, while heavy types are divided into alkaline, acidic, and neutral types.
So, how do you choose the right refractory bricks for kiln linings?
First, consider the material. The choice of material depends on the temperature, erosion level, and properties of the furnace. Then consider whether it is light or heavy. For light types, consider the temperature and choose light clay bricks or light high-alumina bricks. For insulation layers with temperatures above 1300℃, choose mullite lightweight bricks or high-alumina lightweight bricks. If in direct contact with flames, choose corundum mullite lightweight bricks or alumina hollow ball bricks.
For the working layer, consider heavy refractory bricks. Again, consider the temperature. If the temperature is 1000℃ and not greater than 1100℃, use clay bricks. If it is greater than 1200℃, choose high-alumina bricks. For temperatures between 1300-1350℃, choose grade 1 high-alumina bricks; for 1200℃, choose grade 2 or grade 3 high-alumina bricks. Above 1500℃, use corundum refractory bricks.
Also consider whether the kiln lining is in an acidic or alkaline atmosphere. For acidic atmospheres, choose silica bricks. For glass furnace pools, use zircon-based castable refractory bricks. For alkaline atmospheres, choose alkaline refractory bricks, which are magnesium-based refractory bricks.
Another consideration is the design of the refractory brick size, which must meet the furnace construction requirements and also consider the ease of refractory brick production. The forming process determines whether the refractory bricks can be press-formed. If the refractory bricks are too long, they cannot be press-formed, and the strength of hand-formed refractory bricks is lower than that of press-formed bricks. Low strength will inevitably affect the service life of the refractory bricks. Therefore, the selection of refractory bricks should consider both ease of furnace construction and ease of manufacturing for the refractory brick manufacturer. Of course, use nationally standardized models.
For example, the upper part of the blast furnace body uses clay bricks; the middle part uses magnesia bricks, magnesia-chrome bricks, or magnesia-chrome bricks; the lower part of the furnace body and the tuyere area, with a temperature of 1300℃, use high-alumina bricks; individual parts at 1500℃, under harsh conditions, use dense clay bricks, high-alumina bricks, or magnesia-chrome bricks. The furnace hearth uses magnesia bricks and magnesia-chrome bricks.
The lead-zinc closed blast furnace is a new type of furnace for processing lead-zinc oxide ores or lead-zinc. It directly smelts and produces lead and zinc. The furnace hearth and furnace waist use magnesia-chrome bricks; the furnace top and the connection with the lead mist chamber use dense clay bricks; the side walls use clay bricks combined with silicon carbide bricks. The bottom and top of the lead-zinc separation chamber use dense clay bricks. The bottom of the lead flow channel and the lead outlet channel use grade 2 high-alumina refractory bricks, and the walls use magnesia-chrome bricks or chrome bricks.
In short, the selection of refractory bricks depends on the different furnace types, temperatures, and erosion levels.
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